Today on my ADHD blog I posted information about the use of chiropratic with children who have behaviour problems. I'd like to repeat the information here because I think it applies to autism as well.
An excellent article/blog at Psychology Today.
Jean Mercer, PhD, blogs today on Psychology Today about a recent article claiming to prove that chiropractic treatment of children for behaviour problems works. Here is the actual article: (Alcantara, J., & Davis, J., The chiropractic care of children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A retrospective series) was published in 2010 in Explore: The Journal of Science and Healing (pp. 173-182).
The authors examined 4 cases from their records in which children and adolescents had received spinal manipulations and advice about dietary supplements from chiropractors over several months. (Note, these are not randomly chosen cases, just four cases picked out that worked out. ) They used a 15-item checklist of ADHD symptoms showed that the symptoms improved from the pre-treatment to the post-treatment period. From this very small amount evidence Alcantara and Davis concluded that the treatment was an effective way to alleviate ADHD. They attempt to prove something remarkable with just a hint of support.
There are some serious problems with not only the amount of this evidence, but with it's nature. First, to just pick four cases and make any assumption out of that data is, well, dangerous. You wouldn't use this method to prove any drug therapy worked! But with chiropractic, it's seems OK. (I mean, who will get hurt, besides your wallet?) This "evidence" is so prone to being affected by chance to use it is silly at best, and misleading at worse. Scientifically, before making these kinds of claims we need a large number of cases. Especially when there are so many different things that could affect the outcome. Mercer explains this really nicely with an analogy about picking four black socks out of a hugh pile of socks. The larger the pile, the less likely the first four are really telling you much about the pile. The next four in a row might be white, green or yellow! Probability studies tell any scientist NOT to do this.
Alcantara's study is also basically a "before and after" study. You follow someone who gets a certain treatment and compare how they were doing before the treatment and after the treatment. On it's face this sounds logical, but it's not. There are so many things that could have an effect. Age, time, parent's expectation, getting attention from the study itself, teachers and parents being relieved that after years of problems their child or student is now in a study and professionals are helping them! This is one of the dangers of this type of study, and one of the reasons you need a large sample of subjects to make sure these influences are't confounding your data. Four is not a large number, it's a number that increases the possibility for this kind of mistake.
There is no control group to compare these kids to. What if we took just four other students and did nothing, or had them take part in a sham study where the treatment might be made up? Would the results be any different? This is one way we avoid the problems of expectations and time and all the other things that can mislead us. But there is none of that, none. And this "study" is about a medical intervention for a serious life long disability!
There are also other problems with this study, it was not blinded properly, so people taking part knew what outcome was expected (scientific research has so clearly shown that not blinding these sorts of research studies causes problems with validity). And we don't know what other treatment interventions these children were involved with that might have had an effect on the outcome.
The problem here is that this study will be used by "holistic" treatment providers who will make claims to the public that there is a "published" and "peer reviewed" study that shows chiropractic manipulation is a helpful treatment for behavioural problems and ADHD in children.
THERE IS NO SUCH STUDY.
A much more in-depth analysis of the use of Chiropractic treatment on children can be found at Science Based Medicine. This article clearly shows that the use of chiropractic treatments is simply scientifically indefensible.
I suggest any parent thinking about using alternative medicine for behavioural problems read this article ....twice!
This week, in my practice, two more parents showed up who had been using "alternative medicine" with their children. Here in BC children below the age of 6 get nearly $20,000 to use for the treatment of their choice ...to a limit. Both had used all their monies on chiropractic, homeopathic and "auditory retraining" programs. None was left for basic interventions by a behavioural or speech specialist to teach communications skills or parenting techniques. These were sad situation. But when searching the internet for tretments what they found was a list of these "wholistic" practitioners offering everything from massage, diets, sound therapy to chelation therapy. None of which are supported by science. Again this week I went on line and found a local Naturopathic Physician (NP sometimes is referred to as "Not a Physician") offering" homeopathic vaccinations."
These parents were mislead by what they thought was legitimate research they found on the web. Research like the research above. One way to prevent this from happening to you is to use your medical doctor for advice, not a practitioner of holistic medicine! Look to web pages like Science-Based Medicine (which has a nice list of similar pages and resources) and I often send people to look up treatments on a very good skeptical site: Quackwatch.
When considering any treatment you can also simply try typing in the treatments name and words such as "skeptic."
Finally, because so many individuals are taking their children to homeopaths for unproven or disproven treatments, I'd like to suggest watching Richard Dawkin's video on homeopathy found here. It's an excellent place to start. And if you have a sense of humour (and watching people spend their money on these treatments you need a sense of humour, you could watch this funny video from Mitchell and Web.
For more information about scientifically validated interventions for children and adolescents with behaviour problems, ADHD, autism, Aspergers and related disorders please visit my web page at www.relatedminds.com or www.socialcognitivetherapy.com I have offices in Burnaby (serving New Westminster, Coquitlam, Port Moody and Maple Ridge) as well as offices in downtown Vancouver. I am a registered psychologist and registered marriage and family therapist, and would be more than happy to speak with you about possible treatments and interventions.
Sunday, June 13, 2010
Tuesday, May 25, 2010
Sir Ken Robinson: Bring on the learning revolution! | Video on TED.com
Sir Ken Robinson: Bring on the learning revolution! | Video on TED.com
I often advise parents that it's critical to first and foremost to take care of themselves. And that means knowing who you are, and having a happy and meaningful life. When you do, you can help your child do it too. This is a nice video, short, but great. I advise it to everyone.
I often advise parents that it's critical to first and foremost to take care of themselves. And that means knowing who you are, and having a happy and meaningful life. When you do, you can help your child do it too. This is a nice video, short, but great. I advise it to everyone.
Monday, May 24, 2010
Autism Gluten-free Diet, Casein-free Diet Did Not Improve Behavior
Autism Gluten-free Diet, Casein-free Diet Did Not Improve Behavior
Posted using ShareThis
Again scientific research has dealt another blow to the idea that diets can curb the effects of autism.
Doing a web search for autism treatment here in British Columbia you will often find that the first, second and third search results on Google or Bing include treatments that have little scientific research to back them. These include chiropractics (even suggested for infants), homeopathy (one local homeopathic doctor provides homeopathic "inoculations" for childhood diseases!), and diets. Often the web pages you are directed to include testimonials of miracle cures. But successfully treating autism calls for hard work, time, and not so much for miracles. And one thing anyone in science knows, testimonials are notoriously misleading.
After viewing these pages patients often come to my office asking about gluten-free and casein-free diets. They tell me they have heard about "dramatic improvements" after the implementation of these diets plans. Research, I tell them, is pretty conclusive: diets have little impact, including on gastrointestinal problems!
Often times parents report changes when a diet is implemented, but fail to understand that along with the change in diet came changes in their expectations, changes in their behaviour, changes in their attitudes such as a reduction of anxiety and stress. And most importantly, a sudden easy to implement structured way to address and now explain the symptoms. Often they fail to see that the behaviour programming, language training and structured classrooms their children are often in may have had a far greater impact. Relying upon individual testimonials, rather than research designed to isolate the cause and effect of an intervention, is never a good way to make clinical choices.
In this study, which you can read more about through the above links, we have a randomized, double-blinded (meaning neither the participants nor the researches knew which treatment was being received), placebo controlled study, and we again find that the effects of these diets is null. (Numerous large scale studies show there is no support for these diets.)
In this study children were given snack foods with and without gluten and casein, both or neither. The researches evaluated the effects on attention, sleep, stool patterns and other characteristics of autistic behaviour. The study did not show any significant changes in any of these symptoms for any of the groups.
20 percent of parents in the Autism Treatment Network report using "alternative" treatments such as diet. 50% of these were diets. These diets has been promoted by celebrities such as Jenny McCarthy who details the diet she used with her son. However, what is not reported is that many parents report no success with these diets, or that it is far more likely that other treatments being administered at the same time have been the cause of behavioural changes. The above article reviews some of these cases.
What is important from this study is to note that, "There has not been any research to substantiate the GFCF diet for children with autism who do not (already) have celiac disease or wheat/milk allergies." In other words, yes, sometimes children have improved because they had allergies to milk, gluten, heat etc. Just as any child might. And that fact is unrelated to autism.
There are treatments that work, that have been scientifically proven to improve behaviour, communication and social interaction. Regretfully these are intensive, slow and prolonged. But they are your best bet. Here in British Columbia there are many services available to help you with behavioural issues, including trained behaviour specialists paid for through your autism funding, speech pathologists, paid for through your autism funding and in our school districts training for teachers, teacher aides and others through the Provincial Outreach Program for Autism and Related Disorders. There is hope, there are treatment, but there are few miracles. Another valuable source for behavioural experts is ACT. Whatever you do, look to treatments that have been rigorously tested, that make sense, and don't imply a simple answer you could only call "miraculous".
If you would like further information about assessment or treatment for autism, Aspergers, ADHD and other childhood disorders you can find further information on my professional web page at www.socialcognitivetherapy.com or www.relatedminds.com
I can also be contacted at drjimroche@gmail.com
Dr. Jim Roche
Registered Psychologist
778.998-7975
Posted using ShareThis
Again scientific research has dealt another blow to the idea that diets can curb the effects of autism.
Doing a web search for autism treatment here in British Columbia you will often find that the first, second and third search results on Google or Bing include treatments that have little scientific research to back them. These include chiropractics (even suggested for infants), homeopathy (one local homeopathic doctor provides homeopathic "inoculations" for childhood diseases!), and diets. Often the web pages you are directed to include testimonials of miracle cures. But successfully treating autism calls for hard work, time, and not so much for miracles. And one thing anyone in science knows, testimonials are notoriously misleading.
After viewing these pages patients often come to my office asking about gluten-free and casein-free diets. They tell me they have heard about "dramatic improvements" after the implementation of these diets plans. Research, I tell them, is pretty conclusive: diets have little impact, including on gastrointestinal problems!
Often times parents report changes when a diet is implemented, but fail to understand that along with the change in diet came changes in their expectations, changes in their behaviour, changes in their attitudes such as a reduction of anxiety and stress. And most importantly, a sudden easy to implement structured way to address and now explain the symptoms. Often they fail to see that the behaviour programming, language training and structured classrooms their children are often in may have had a far greater impact. Relying upon individual testimonials, rather than research designed to isolate the cause and effect of an intervention, is never a good way to make clinical choices.
In this study, which you can read more about through the above links, we have a randomized, double-blinded (meaning neither the participants nor the researches knew which treatment was being received), placebo controlled study, and we again find that the effects of these diets is null. (Numerous large scale studies show there is no support for these diets.)
In this study children were given snack foods with and without gluten and casein, both or neither. The researches evaluated the effects on attention, sleep, stool patterns and other characteristics of autistic behaviour. The study did not show any significant changes in any of these symptoms for any of the groups.
20 percent of parents in the Autism Treatment Network report using "alternative" treatments such as diet. 50% of these were diets. These diets has been promoted by celebrities such as Jenny McCarthy who details the diet she used with her son. However, what is not reported is that many parents report no success with these diets, or that it is far more likely that other treatments being administered at the same time have been the cause of behavioural changes. The above article reviews some of these cases.
What is important from this study is to note that, "There has not been any research to substantiate the GFCF diet for children with autism who do not (already) have celiac disease or wheat/milk allergies." In other words, yes, sometimes children have improved because they had allergies to milk, gluten, heat etc. Just as any child might. And that fact is unrelated to autism.
There are treatments that work, that have been scientifically proven to improve behaviour, communication and social interaction. Regretfully these are intensive, slow and prolonged. But they are your best bet. Here in British Columbia there are many services available to help you with behavioural issues, including trained behaviour specialists paid for through your autism funding, speech pathologists, paid for through your autism funding and in our school districts training for teachers, teacher aides and others through the Provincial Outreach Program for Autism and Related Disorders. There is hope, there are treatment, but there are few miracles. Another valuable source for behavioural experts is ACT. Whatever you do, look to treatments that have been rigorously tested, that make sense, and don't imply a simple answer you could only call "miraculous".
If you would like further information about assessment or treatment for autism, Aspergers, ADHD and other childhood disorders you can find further information on my professional web page at www.socialcognitivetherapy.com or www.relatedminds.com
I can also be contacted at drjimroche@gmail.com
Dr. Jim Roche
Registered Psychologist
778.998-7975
Monday, May 10, 2010
Saturday, May 8, 2010
Floor Time
Stanley Greenspan, the developer of the autism intervention "Floor Time" died this week at 68.
Dr. Greenspan was a psychiatrist who developed this influential approach to teaching children with autism and other developmental disabilities. He died of a stroke. He leaves his wife and co-author Nancy Thorndike Greenspan, who helped author several of his more than 30 books on education and children.
"Floor Time," as it is called, is used in many special education classrooms and therapeutic settings. It is one of the major early interventions for autism. Often times "Floor Time" is seen as an approach that is in opposition to other interventions such as behavioural interventions like ABA (Applied Behavioural Analysis) and clients are often surprised when I recommend both more traditional behavioural interventions as well as this more child centred intervention.
Dr. Greenspan encouraged parents, teachers and behavioural interventionists to get down on the floor with their child, even very young children, and engage with them with words, gestures and modelling in order to encourage the development of one-to-one interpersonal relationships and to expand their world of ideas, concepts, words and communications skills.
In 2000 Dr. Greenspan and Dr. Barry Brazelton co-authored an important book, "The Irreducible Needs of Children." In it he differentiates behavioural approaches from "Floor Time" in which the child leads. Dr. Greenspan found that babies who failed to connect with parents, for whatever reason, are deprived of emotional tools that he feels are necessary for learning and growth. These cannot happen without these ability to use these basic emotional ties. He writes, "Our emotions serve as the orchestra leader for getting the whole mind and brain working together."
While for a child with little communication ABA and behavioural training is a necessary component to teaching basic associations and skills, the emotional component of communication also needs to be focused on. In the best programs I have observed teachers work on ABA goals during several structured periods of the day and then spend several other periods engaged in "Floor Time" skills with children, letting the child lead.
Often schools and agencies want to limit the number of different interventions they use. But emotional contact, and teaching the child to lead, are critical to teaching the child to communicate in a human way. "Floor Time" may really be more about teaching the parent, teacher or interventionist how to follow than it is about direct intervention with the child. ( Another book I often recommend for parents of high functioning children is by Dr. John Gottman, Raising an Emotionally Healthy Child.)
Floor Time is hard to describe, but there is a wonderful video on Dr. Greenspan's web page showing him engaging in play with a child and his mother. Click here to get to the web page. you can also see him working on various videos on YouTube.
Our thoughts go out to Dr. Greenspan's family and co-workers.
Again, for more information on assessments for autism, Aspergers and learning disabilities you can visit my website at www.socialcognitivetherapy.com or www.drjimroche.com
I have offices located in Burnaby and Vancouver which are convenient to the entire lower mainland.
Dr. Greenspan was a psychiatrist who developed this influential approach to teaching children with autism and other developmental disabilities. He died of a stroke. He leaves his wife and co-author Nancy Thorndike Greenspan, who helped author several of his more than 30 books on education and children.
"Floor Time," as it is called, is used in many special education classrooms and therapeutic settings. It is one of the major early interventions for autism. Often times "Floor Time" is seen as an approach that is in opposition to other interventions such as behavioural interventions like ABA (Applied Behavioural Analysis) and clients are often surprised when I recommend both more traditional behavioural interventions as well as this more child centred intervention.
Dr. Greenspan encouraged parents, teachers and behavioural interventionists to get down on the floor with their child, even very young children, and engage with them with words, gestures and modelling in order to encourage the development of one-to-one interpersonal relationships and to expand their world of ideas, concepts, words and communications skills.
In 2000 Dr. Greenspan and Dr. Barry Brazelton co-authored an important book, "The Irreducible Needs of Children." In it he differentiates behavioural approaches from "Floor Time" in which the child leads. Dr. Greenspan found that babies who failed to connect with parents, for whatever reason, are deprived of emotional tools that he feels are necessary for learning and growth. These cannot happen without these ability to use these basic emotional ties. He writes, "Our emotions serve as the orchestra leader for getting the whole mind and brain working together."
While for a child with little communication ABA and behavioural training is a necessary component to teaching basic associations and skills, the emotional component of communication also needs to be focused on. In the best programs I have observed teachers work on ABA goals during several structured periods of the day and then spend several other periods engaged in "Floor Time" skills with children, letting the child lead.
Often schools and agencies want to limit the number of different interventions they use. But emotional contact, and teaching the child to lead, are critical to teaching the child to communicate in a human way. "Floor Time" may really be more about teaching the parent, teacher or interventionist how to follow than it is about direct intervention with the child. ( Another book I often recommend for parents of high functioning children is by Dr. John Gottman, Raising an Emotionally Healthy Child.)
Floor Time is hard to describe, but there is a wonderful video on Dr. Greenspan's web page showing him engaging in play with a child and his mother. Click here to get to the web page. you can also see him working on various videos on YouTube.
Our thoughts go out to Dr. Greenspan's family and co-workers.
Again, for more information on assessments for autism, Aspergers and learning disabilities you can visit my website at www.socialcognitivetherapy.com or www.drjimroche.com
I have offices located in Burnaby and Vancouver which are convenient to the entire lower mainland.
Saturday, March 27, 2010
New Resource from Yale Child Study Center
As we all know individuals with autism spectrum disorders exhibit a range of behavioral excesses and deficits that can interfere significantly with adaptive functioning at home, in the community, and at school. These challenges can lead to isolation, cause injury or harm to others, and lead ultimately to the exclusion of some students from programs and training they need to progress socially and linguistically. There is a considerable amount of evidenced based research and this has been turned into training and interventions. Often this training is not available to parents and caregivers. Yale Child Study Center has graciously decided to share their autism training course with the public for free. You can get to it on their website here or locate it here on YouTube.
http://autism.yale.edu
The Yale Child Study Center brings quality research and clinical programs to families and children living with Autism all around the world. The lecture content and supporting materials available online for free to anyone who desires to learn about Autism Spectrum Disorders. They can easily be translated into several languages.
Video of each lecture was captured in highdefinition format. One of the features available through Google/YouTube's technology is the ability to provide a version of each video with English-language closed captioning turned on.
The lecture I am first recommending introduces the foundations of behavioral assessment and treatment of significant challenging behavior in persons with autism. If your school hasn't seen this, and you have doubts about their ability to deal with your child due to a lack of training, suggest this video and the others. The assessment and intervention principles discussed are firmly grounded in the behavior analytic research literature, and have enjoyed widespread clinical application with a diverse range of behaviors including aggression, self-injury, stereotypy, property destruction, and pica. Following a detailed discussion of the use of the technology of functional analysis, those variables and conditions in the environment that maintain challenging behavior are discussed in relation to the development of treatment plans that are functional, based on positive behavior supports, and that teach more adaptive prosocial behavioral repertoires.
This is by far the best lecture I have seen available on the web. And it's free.
for more information on my own services please check out my professional site at www.relatedminds.com or www.socialcognitivetherapy.com We provide individual consultation and behavioural interventions for children and adolescents with autism disorder and Aspergers. We provide training to schools and individual classroom consultation. We have ABA certified providers for those seeking ABA services and individuals with training in social communications therapy. Assessments for Aspergers Disorder, autism spectrum disorder and co-morbid disorders such as ADHD are also available in our offices in Burnaby and Vancouver. We service individuals in Burnaby, Coquitlam, Vancouver and through individual arrangements throughout the lower mainland. In addition to providing services to children and adolescents we have several years experience working with young adults attending college, entering the workplace and older adults.
http://autism.yale.edu
The Yale Child Study Center brings quality research and clinical programs to families and children living with Autism all around the world. The lecture content and supporting materials available online for free to anyone who desires to learn about Autism Spectrum Disorders. They can easily be translated into several languages.
Video of each lecture was captured in highdefinition format. One of the features available through Google/YouTube's technology is the ability to provide a version of each video with English-language closed captioning turned on.
The lecture I am first recommending introduces the foundations of behavioral assessment and treatment of significant challenging behavior in persons with autism. If your school hasn't seen this, and you have doubts about their ability to deal with your child due to a lack of training, suggest this video and the others. The assessment and intervention principles discussed are firmly grounded in the behavior analytic research literature, and have enjoyed widespread clinical application with a diverse range of behaviors including aggression, self-injury, stereotypy, property destruction, and pica. Following a detailed discussion of the use of the technology of functional analysis, those variables and conditions in the environment that maintain challenging behavior are discussed in relation to the development of treatment plans that are functional, based on positive behavior supports, and that teach more adaptive prosocial behavioral repertoires.
This is by far the best lecture I have seen available on the web. And it's free.
for more information on my own services please check out my professional site at www.relatedminds.com or www.socialcognitivetherapy.com We provide individual consultation and behavioural interventions for children and adolescents with autism disorder and Aspergers. We provide training to schools and individual classroom consultation. We have ABA certified providers for those seeking ABA services and individuals with training in social communications therapy. Assessments for Aspergers Disorder, autism spectrum disorder and co-morbid disorders such as ADHD are also available in our offices in Burnaby and Vancouver. We service individuals in Burnaby, Coquitlam, Vancouver and through individual arrangements throughout the lower mainland. In addition to providing services to children and adolescents we have several years experience working with young adults attending college, entering the workplace and older adults.
Saturday, March 6, 2010
Autism therapy: Doctors sued over ‘dangerous’ autism treatment - chicagotribune.com
Autism therapy: Doctors sued over ‘dangerous’ autism treatment - chicagotribune.com
Posted using ShareThis
This important case involves the father of a 7 year old boy who was diagnosed with autism. Two local Chicago family practitioners, Dr. Anjum Usman and Dr. Daniel Rossigno, both followers of the DAN and Defeat Autism Now movement which promotes "alternative" treatments (treatments which are not scientifically accepted by the majority of the medical community and may have very little research report: See related articles at www.sciencebasedmedicine.com) advised the father that expensive and risky chelation therapy for "heavy metals" was necessary. These treatments, which risk kidney failure and death, were prescribed over the phone according to the court documents. Never having seen the child! The lawsuit also spotlights a test often used to diagnose metal poisoning in children with autism. "To conduct the tests doctors give children a chelation drug that forces the release of metals from the body "that exist in everyone," healthy or sick, in trace amounts.
In this case the doctors then examined the results and compared them to a reference range calculated from patients who had never been given the chelation drug. Based on this apples to oranges comparison the doctors claimed the child had "90 percent range of metal contamination."
What is disturbing is that here in Canada, especially in British Columbia, if a parent seeking help for their child with autism seeks out information on the internet they will find very similar chelation treatments in the top of their google search! They won't find too many web sites for those providing Applied Behavioural Analysis (which has been clearly shown to help) or social cognitive therapy's like those from Michelle Winner and others for higher functioning children or those with autism. Instead they find chelation therapy, NOW doctors telling patients their child have "gut problems" that are cured with diet and everything from chiropractors, acupuncturists and homeopaths (naturopaths) offering treatment to young children with autism!
This moth several of my patients seen for diagnostic services had spent thousands of dollars of "eye focusing" therapy, audio-tuning, metronome therapy and "neuro-feedback." They were left with nothing for behavioural therapy and family-parent education that might actually help. What I can recommend, again, is reading all you can from the website of science-based medicine, quack watch and other scientific based sites.
For more information on diagnosis or autism, asperger's or science based behavioural treatment interventions please feel free check out my website at www.socialcognitivetherapy.com
Posted using ShareThis
This important case involves the father of a 7 year old boy who was diagnosed with autism. Two local Chicago family practitioners, Dr. Anjum Usman and Dr. Daniel Rossigno, both followers of the DAN and Defeat Autism Now movement which promotes "alternative" treatments (treatments which are not scientifically accepted by the majority of the medical community and may have very little research report: See related articles at www.sciencebasedmedicine.com) advised the father that expensive and risky chelation therapy for "heavy metals" was necessary. These treatments, which risk kidney failure and death, were prescribed over the phone according to the court documents. Never having seen the child! The lawsuit also spotlights a test often used to diagnose metal poisoning in children with autism. "To conduct the tests doctors give children a chelation drug that forces the release of metals from the body "that exist in everyone," healthy or sick, in trace amounts.
In this case the doctors then examined the results and compared them to a reference range calculated from patients who had never been given the chelation drug. Based on this apples to oranges comparison the doctors claimed the child had "90 percent range of metal contamination."
What is disturbing is that here in Canada, especially in British Columbia, if a parent seeking help for their child with autism seeks out information on the internet they will find very similar chelation treatments in the top of their google search! They won't find too many web sites for those providing Applied Behavioural Analysis (which has been clearly shown to help) or social cognitive therapy's like those from Michelle Winner and others for higher functioning children or those with autism. Instead they find chelation therapy, NOW doctors telling patients their child have "gut problems" that are cured with diet and everything from chiropractors, acupuncturists and homeopaths (naturopaths) offering treatment to young children with autism!
This moth several of my patients seen for diagnostic services had spent thousands of dollars of "eye focusing" therapy, audio-tuning, metronome therapy and "neuro-feedback." They were left with nothing for behavioural therapy and family-parent education that might actually help. What I can recommend, again, is reading all you can from the website of science-based medicine, quack watch and other scientific based sites.
For more information on diagnosis or autism, asperger's or science based behavioural treatment interventions please feel free check out my website at www.socialcognitivetherapy.com
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)